12 research outputs found

    Evaluation of ALOS PALSAR Imagery for Burned Area Mapping in Greece Using Object-Based Classification

    No full text
    In this work, the potential of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) imagery to map burned areas was evaluated in two study areas in Greece. For this purpose, we developed an object-based classification scheme to map the fire-disturbed areas using the PALSAR imagery acquired before and shortly after fire events. The advantage of employing an object-based approach was not only the use of the temporal variation of the backscatter coefficient, but also the incorporation in the classification of topological features, such as neighbor objects, and class related features, such as objects classified as burned. The classification scheme resulted in mapping the burned areas with satisfactory results: 0.71 and 0.82 probabilities of detection for the two study areas. Our investigation revealed that the pre-fire vegetation conditions and fire severity should be taken in consideration when mapping burned areas using PALSAR in Mediterranean regions. Overall, findings suggest that the developed scheme could be applied for rapid burned area assessment, especially to areas where cloud cover and fire smoke inhibit accurate mapping of burned areas when optical data are used

    Developing methods to assess the short- and long-term impacts of wildfires on natural ecosystems using remote sensing and geographic information systems

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    Forest fires in the Mediterranean basin have always been a natural factor constituting a part of the ecosystem. However, in recent decades, the general trend in the number of fires and surface burns has increased spectacularly. Satellite remote sensing is a valuable resource for fire detection, mapping and managing fire-prone areas, given the wide area coverage, high observation frequency provided by satellite-borne sensors, and the potential rapid access to acquired data. Indeed, optical satellite image data have been used extensively and proved to be useful for burned area mapping and monitoring of the post-fire vegetation recovery. However, the use of optical data to map and monitor burned areas accurately could be inhibited in areas with frequent cloud coverage, such as tropical and boreal forests. Such limitations could be overcome by the use of SAR imagery since SAR operate day as well as night and have the ability to penetrate clouds. Furthermore, this study investigates the potential of advanced image analysis methods to mapping and monitoring of burned areas. More specifically, object-based image analysis (OBIA), which is based on fuzzy logic and allows the integration of a broad spectrum of different object features, such as spectral values, shape and texture is being employed. OBIA was introduced in the last years to the field of burned area mapping and has shown promising results to accurately map burned area using different types of optical satellite imagery. Overall, this study seeks to answer the following questions: Can SAR imagery provide accurate information for mapping and monitoring burned areas in Greece? Is OBIA appropriate for fire-related studies when optical and/or SAR imagery are employed? The answers to the two questions will be sought through the specific objectives of this study, which are: 1) to estimate the short-term impact of fire by mapping burned areas using optical imagery. In particular, the use of SPOT-4 HRVIR images and OBIA was investigated to extract fire perimeters in four different regions of Greece. 2) to estimate the short-term impact of fire by employing radar imagery. Specifically, the potential of ALOS PALSAR imagery to map burned areas in the Peloponnese and in Rhodes Island was explored by employing OBIA. 3) to monitor the long-term post-fire vegetation recovery using multi-temporal optical and SAR imagery. For this objective, the potential of the synergy of SPOT and ERS imagery to monitor the post-fire vegetation recovery, approximately 20 years after fire events, in Thasos Island, Greece, was investigated. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the backscatter coefficient of the ERS imagery was analyzed and compared to the Normalized Differentiation Vegetation Index (NDVI) extracted from the SPOT images to monitor the forest regeneration.Οι δασικές πυρκαγιές αποτελούσαν ανέκαθεν αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι του φυσικού οικοσυστήματος της περιοχής της Μεσογείου. Ωστόσο, τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες, ο αριθμός των πυρκαγιών και οι εκτάσεις που καίγονται κάθε χρόνο παρουσίασαν θεαματικά ανοδική τάση. Απαιτείται, λοιπόν, η ύπαρξη ενός συστήματος για την έγκαιρη συλλογή πληροφοριών σχετικών με τις πυρκαγιές, αλλά και για την παρακολούθηση της αναγέννησης των δασών μετά από πυρκαγιά με ακρίβεια. Η δορυφορική τηλεπισκόπηση είναι ένα πολύτιμο εργαλείο για την ανίχνευση πυρκαγιάς, τη χαρτογράφηση και διαχείριση καμένων εκτάσεων δεδομένης της μεγάλης περιοχής κάλυψης των δορυφορικών εικόνων και της υψηλής συχνότητας παρατήρησης της επιφάνειας της γης από τους δορυφόρους, καθώς και τη δυνατότητα έγκαιρης πρόσβασης σε δεδομένα. Πράγματι, τα οπτικά δορυφορικά δεδομένα έχουν χρησιμοποιηθεί εκτενώς και έχει αποδειχτεί ότι είναι χρήσιμα για τη χαρτογράφηση καμένων περιοχών και την παρακολούθηση της επανεμφάνισης της βλάστησης μετά από πυρκαγιές. Ωστόσο, η χρήση των οπτικών δεδομένων μπορεί να παρουσιάσει δυσκολίες στη χαρτογράφηση και παρακολούθηση των καμένων εκτάσεων με ακρίβεια σε περιοχές με συχνή νεφοκάλυψη, όπως στα τροπικά και στα βόρεια δάση. Τέτοιοι περιορισμοί θα μπορούσαν να ξεπεραστούν με τη χρήση εικόνων SAR οι οποίες μπορούν να αποκτηθούν ανεξάρτητα από τις συνθήκες φωτισμού ενώ τα μεγαλύτερα μήκη κύματος του συστήματος SAR έχουν την ικανότητα να διαπερνούν τα σύννεφα. Η παρούσα μελέτη, διερευνά επιπλέον τη δυνατότητα προηγμένων μεθόδων ανάλυσης δορυφορικών εικόνων για τη χαρτογράφηση και παρακολούθηση καμένων εκτάσεων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, στην έρευνα χρησιμοποιήθηκε η αντικειμενοστραφής μέθοδος ανάλυσης εικόνας (OBIA), η οποία βασίζεται στην ασαφή λογική και η οποία επιτρέπει κατά τη διάρκεια της ταξινόμησης την ενσωμάτωση ενός ευρέως φάσματος χαρακτηριστικών των αντικειμένων, όπως φασματικές τιμές, σχήμα και υφή. Γενικά, η μελέτη αυτή επιχειρεί να δώσει απάντηση σε δύο ενδιαφέροντα ερωτήματα: Μπορούν τα δεδομένα SAR να παρέχουν ακριβείς πληροφορίες για τη χαρτογράφηση και την παρακολούθηση καμένων εκτάσεων στην Ελλάδα; Είναι η OBIA κατάλληλη μέθοδος για μελέτες που σχετίζονται με την πυρκαγιά, με τη χρήση οπτικών εικόνων και / ή εικόνων SAR; Οι απαντήσεις στα δύο ερωτήματα θα επιδιωχθούν να δοθούν μέσω των συγκεκριμένων στόχων της παρούσας μελέτης: 1) η εκτίμηση των βραχυπρόθεσμων επιπτώσεων των πυρκαγιών με τη χρήση οπτικών εικόνων. Συγκεκριμένα, ερευνήθηκε η χρήση εικόνων SPOT-4 HRVIR και της OBIA για τη χαρτογράφηση καμένων εκτάσεων σε τέσσερις διαφορετικές περιοχές της Ελλάδας. 2) η εκτίμηση των βραχυπρόθεσμων επιπτώσεων των πυρκαγιών με τη χρήση εικόνων SAR. Συγκεκριμένα, διερευνήθηκε η δυνατότητα των εικόνων ALOS PALSAR για τη χαρτογράφηση καμένων περιοχών στην Πελοπόννησο και στη Ρόδο με τη χρήση της OBIA. 3) η εκτίμηση των μακροπρόθεσμων επιπτώσεων των πυρκαγιών με τη χρήση χρονοσειρών οπτικών και εικόνων SAR. Για το στόχο αυτό, ερευνήθηκε η συνδυαστική χρήση SPOT και ERS δεδομένων για την παρακολούθηση της επανεμφάνισης της βλάστησης, περίπου 20 χρόνια μετά από πυρκαγιές, στο νησί της Θάσου. Επιπλέον, ερευνήθηκε η δυνατότητα της χρήσης του συντελεστή οπισθοσκέδασης του δορυφόρου ERS για την παρακολούθηση της αναγέννησης των δασών. Ο συντελεστής συγκρίθηκε επίσης με τον κανονικοποιημένο δείκτη βλάστησης (NDVI) ο οποίος υπολογίστηκε από τις εικόνες SPOT

    Burned Area Mapping in Greece Using SPOT-4 HRVIR Images and Object-Based Image Analysis

    No full text
    The devastating series of fire events that occurred during the summers of 2007 and 2009 in Greece made evident the need for an operational mechanism to map burned areas in an accurate and timely fashion to be developed. In this work, Système pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT)-4 HRVIR images are introduced in an object-based classification environment in order to develop a classification procedure for burned area mapping. The development of the procedure was based on two images and then tested for its transferability to other burned areas. Results from the SPOT-4 HRVIR burned area mapping showed very high classification accuracies ( 0.86 kappa coefficient), while the object-based classification procedure that was developed proved to be transferable when applied to other study areas

    Evaluation of ALOS PALSAR Imagery for Burned Area Mapping in Greece Using Object-Based Classification

    No full text
    In this work, the potential of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) imagery to map burned areas was evaluated in two study areas in Greece. For this purpose, we developed an object-based classification scheme to map the fire-disturbed areas using the PALSAR imagery acquired before and shortly after fire events. The advantage of employing an object-based approach was not only the use of the temporal variation of the backscatter coefficient, but also the incorporation in the classification of topological features, such as neighbor objects, and class related features, such as objects classified as burned. The classification scheme resulted in mapping the burned areas with satisfactory results: 0.71 and 0.82 probabilities of detection for the two study areas. Our investigation revealed that the pre-fire vegetation conditions and fire severity should be taken in consideration when mapping burned areas using PALSAR in Mediterranean regions. Overall, findings suggest that the developed scheme could be applied for rapid burned area assessment, especially to areas where cloud cover and fire smoke inhibit accurate mapping of burned areas when optical data are used

    Mapping Habitats in Alpine Regions Using Multi-Temporal RapidEye Data. GI_Forum 2013 – Creating the GISociety|

    No full text
    This work aimed to investigate the potential of remote sensing to provide information on the spatial distribution of habitats in the Alpine region. Specifically, the performances of different classification methods, namely Maximum Likelihood (ML), Decision Tree (DT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were investigated for land-cover mapping using multitemporal RapidEye data. Results showed that SVM (85 % overall accuracy) outperformed ML (80 % overall accuracy) and DT (79 % overall accuracy). The resulted land-cover classes were subsequently reclassified into habitat classes using a spatial kernel approach. Findings suggest that the inclusion of solar radiation layers in the classification procedure as well as the use of multi-temporal images improves the classification accuracy by 4 % and 10 %, respectively

    Mapping Habitats in Alpine Regions Using Multi-Temporal RapidEye Data. GI_Forum 2013 – Creating the GISociety|

    No full text
    This work aimed to investigate the potential of remote sensing to provide information on the spatial distribution of habitats in the Alpine region. Specifically, the performances of different classification methods, namely Maximum Likelihood (ML), Decision Tree (DT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were investigated for land-cover mapping using multitemporal RapidEye data. Results showed that SVM (85 % overall accuracy) outperformed ML (80 % overall accuracy) and DT (79 % overall accuracy). The resulted land-cover classes were subsequently reclassified into habitat classes using a spatial kernel approach. Findings suggest that the inclusion of solar radiation layers in the classification procedure as well as the use of multi-temporal images improves the classification accuracy by 4 % and 10 %, respectively
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